Bit Error Rate (BER)

Bit Error Rate (BER) is a key metric used to evaluate the reliability of memory devices. It represents the ratio of incorrectly stored or retrieved bits to the total number of bits processed over a given period. BER is an important metric for memory devices because it affects the reliability of the data stored in the memory.

Mathematically, it is expressed as:

BER = (Number of erroneous read bits) / (Total number of stored bits)